TY - BOOK ID - 887 T1 - Deutsch-Sdwestafrika A1 - Dietz,Ton Y1 - 2015/// N1 - Bibliogr.: p. 105 KW - Namibia KW - postage stamps KW - postal services KW - World War I RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden PB - African Studies Centre U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath - German colonies ; 3 ASC working paper ; 118 N2 - The 'Great War' had a major impact on Africa and that is visible in the post stamps used in the various postal territories in Africa. This paper discusses the postal offices, postal services, and stamps used in the German colony Deutsch-Sdwestafrika (SWA, today Namibia) during the early twentieth century. [Book abstract] AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M3 - 391726749 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/32070 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 889 T1 - German Togo A1 - Dietz,Ton Y1 - 2015/// N1 - Bibliogr.: p. 40-41. - Met bijl., noten KW - German Togoland KW - postage stamps KW - postal services KW - World War I RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden PB - African Studies Centre U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath - German colonies ; 1 ASC working paper ; 116 N2 - The 'Great War' had a major impact on Africa and that is visible in the post stamps used in the various postal territories in Africa. This paper discusses the postal offices, postal services, and stamps used in the German colony Togo during the early twentieth century. [Book abstract] AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M3 - 391726579 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/32068 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 888 T1 - Kamerun A1 - Dietz,Ton Y1 - 2015/// N1 - Bibliogr.: p. 42. - Met noten KW - Cameroon KW - Kamerun KW - postage stamps KW - postal services KW - World War I RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden PB - African Studies Centre U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath - German colonies ; 2 ASC working paper ; 117 N2 - The 'Great War' had a major impact on Africa and that is visible in the post stamps used in the various postal territories in Africa. This paper discusses the postal offices, postal services, and stamps used in the German colony Kamerun during the early twentieth century. [Book abstract] AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M3 - 391726684 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/32069 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 893 T1 - Aid categories that foster pro-poor growth: the case of Sierra Leone A1 - Kargbo,Philip Michael A1 - Sen,Kunal Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic models KW - financial aid KW - loans KW - poverty reduction KW - Sierra Leone KW - technical cooperation RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 416 EP - 429 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.416-429 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This paper examines the effect of different categories of foreign aid on poverty reduction. It uses a country case study for Sierra Leone to explore the impact of different aid types on pro-poor growth as a dimension of poverty reduction. Using annual time series data spanning from 1970 to 2007 and employing the bounds test approach to cointegration by Pesaran and Shin (1999), the study finds strong evidence to suggest that only aid in the form of grants do have a pro-poor effect. This result is more obvious in the long run than in the short run. Aid in the forms of loans and technical assistance could not prove signficant for fostering pro-poor growth in the country. Thus, even though total aid reveals a highly significant long-run impact in improving pro-poor growth in Sierra Leone, when disaggregated, only aid in the form of grants shows strong evidence of reducing poverty in the country. The implication of these findings is that for reducing poverty in typically poor and fagile states, aid in the form of grants should be encouraged. The increasing donor interest in technical assistance aid in recent years should be reconsidered as there is no strong evidence that it reduces poverty. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fp;E1 M3 - 391742728 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 909 T1 - Contesting land and identity : the case of women cultivators and Fulani cattle herders in Wum, Northwest region of Cameroon A1 - Angwafo,Peter Tse Y1 - 2014/// N1 - A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts (Research) in African Studies, University of Leiden Bibliogr.: p. [155]-170. - Met noten KW - Aghem KW - Cameroon KW - conflict KW - Fulani KW - land use KW - pastoralists KW - theses (form) KW - women farmers RP - NOT IN FILE CY - [S.l. PB - s.n.] U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - In Cameroon as elsewhere in Africa, the subject of ownership and access to land among different groups has been an issue of major concern. The arrival of the nomadic Fulani alongside with herds of cattle by the 1920s into Wum Central Subdivision did not only bring about profound changes in the political economy of the area but also introduced new ways of cohabiting, land use patterns and different perceptions about land and resources. This was partly so because the Aghem and Bu people who historically had exclusive ownership rights and access to land were compelled to compete and negotiate these rights and access on the same fertile lands that had abundant pastures for cattle with Fulani herders. With the presence of the Fulani, the issue of equal access and control of land and resources has constituted a contentious and perennial problem. Despite their long presence in the area, they are still considered as 'strangers' and/or 'intruders'. The objective of the research was to investigate why the conflicts between women cultivators and Fulani cattle herders are persistent. The outcome of this research reveals that the conflicts are more complicated than they appear and are embedded in gender relations and cultural practices where respect for tradition is optimal and exacerbated by a weak and out dated statutory land law. The law proscribes customary tenure system and does not guarantee women's ownership land rights but helps in the alienation and dispossession of women from their ancestral land. In addition, it is also a lever for rich domestic elites who now acquire huge tracts of land at the detriment of the rural poor. Constrained by this, they turn their frustration towards the Fulani by invoking ethnic sentiments as the legitimate strategy for their land claims. With increasing population and competition over diminishing resources and the sedentarisation of the Fulani, this research advocates for a new and more inclusive land law where all stakeholders would have security over their land and property. [Book abstract] AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M3 - 391725661 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/31878 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 902 T1 - Does intra-African trade reduce youth unemployment in Africa? A1 - Anyanwu,John C. Y1 - 2014/// KW - Africa KW - economic models KW - gender KW - international trade KW - youth unemployment RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 286 EP - 309 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.286-309 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This study empirically estimates the effect of Africa's intra-regional trade on the burgeoning youth unemployment in the continent. This is necessary since very few studies have been undertaken in the particular context of African countries. To the best of our knowledge there are no studies exploring the intra-African tradeyouth unemployment nexus in Africa. The author investigates both the aggregate and gender-specific impacts. His empirical estimates, using available cross-sectional time series data over the period 1980 to 2010, suggest that higher levels of intra-African trade reduce both the aggregate, female and male youth unemployment in Africa. In addition, the results show that domestic investment rate, institutionalized democracy, secondary education, inflation, economic growth, and higher urbanization tend to reduce youth unemployment both on the aggregate and gender-differentiated and therefore are good for youth unemployment reduction in the continent. On the other hand, higher real per capita GDP and to a lesser extent credit to the private sector have a significant positive effect on youth unemployment in Africa. Government consumption expenditure and foreign direct investment have an insignificant effect on both the aggregate level and the gendered level of youth unemployment in Africa. Based on these results, some policy recommendations are proffered. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ba;E1;E7 M3 - 391739344 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 894 T1 - Does trade with China have an impact on African countries' growth? A1 - Kummer-Noormamode,Sabina Y1 - 2014/// KW - Africa KW - China KW - economic development KW - gross national product KW - international trade RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 397 EP - 415 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.397-415 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The results of growth regressions using panel data econometric models for 37 African countries from 1985 to 2012 show that trade with China has had a positive impact on African GDP, but only during the final decade of that period. They also suggest that during this period, trade with China tended to have more impact on African economies than trade with the EU. Furthermore, several robustness tests are performed and confirm these conclusions. Bibliogr., notes, sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ba;E1 M3 - 391742574 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 900 T1 - Effects of HIV/AIDS and microfinance of women on income, medical expenditures and schooling in C“te d'Ivoire A1 - Binat‚ Fofana,Namizata Y1 - 2014/// KW - AIDS KW - C“te d'Ivoire KW - economic models KW - income KW - microfinance KW - schooling KW - women RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 322 EP - 332 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.322-332 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This paper examines the issue of HIV and AIDS in relation to women, human capital and microfinance in C“te d'Ivoire. In total, 440 women and two microfinance institutions (MFIs) served as study units. The HIV epidemic negatively affected both the human and financial capital of households. The morbidity of HIV/AIDS-affected respondents negatively influenced the level of their income. MFI credit failed to increase HIV-positive women's income, while they faced higher medical expenditures than non-affected women. At the household level, HIV had a negative effect on school enrolment of children. The inability of children to attend school shows the long-term effect of HIV/AIDS on the level of education of future generations and accordingly its impact on their contribution to the development of the country. Bibliogr., note, sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fi;C4;E3 M3 - 391740059 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 897 T1 - Electricity consumptioneconomic growthCO2 emissions nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from panel cointegration A1 - Gao,Jing A1 - Zhang,Lei Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic development KW - economic models KW - electricity KW - energy consumption KW - Subsaharan Africa RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 359 EP - 371 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.359-371 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This study explores the causal relationship among electricity consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions for a group of 14 sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries from 1980 to 2009 using panel cointegration and panel vector error correction modelling methods. The findings demonstrate that in the long run electricity consumption has a statistically significant positive impact on CO2 emissions. The results also reveal that the inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis exists in the SSA countries' case. The panel causality tests indicate that there is short-run unidirectional causality running from economic growth to CO2 emissions and electricity consumption respectively. Simultaneously, there is long-run bidirectional causality between electricity consumption and economic growth, electricity consumption and CO2 emissions, economic growth and CO2 emissions. Depending on the results, relevant policies can be initiated without negatively affecting economic growth. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ea;E1 M3 - 39174111X ER - TY - JOUR ID - 896 T1 - Facteurs micro‚conomiques du d‚ficit de financement des PME au Cameroun A1 - Guena,Christian Lambert A1 - Tsafack Nanfosso,Roger Y1 - 2014/// KW - Cameroon KW - economic models KW - finance KW - small enterprises RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 372 EP - 383 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.372-383 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - La pr‚sente ‚tude a pour but d'effectuer une ‚valuation ‚conom‚trique des facteurs micro‚conomiques responsables du problŠme de financement externe des PME au Cameroun. A l'aide d'un modŠle logit multinomial l'on a estim‚ la variable "Principale source de financement" sur la base des donn‚es d'enquˆte auprŠs des acteurs du financement portant sur un ‚chantillon de 413 PME du Cameroun. Les r‚sultats montrent que le d‚ficit de financement externe est expliqu‚ par l'absence d'information comptable, le statut juridique Soci‚t‚ … Responsabilit‚ Limit‚ (SARL) et Soci‚t‚ Anonyme (SA), l'appartenance au secteur industriel, le faible effectif d'employ‚, le taux d'int‚rˆt ‚lev‚ et les demandes de cr‚dit … long terme. Ces deux derniŠres causes ‚tant renforc‚es par la toute derniŠre crise financiŠre. Ces r‚sultats conduisent … interpeller les diff‚rents acteurs sur les d‚cisions … prendre en fonction de leur niveau de responsabilit‚ dans ces ‚l‚ments de frein au financement des PME. Bibliogr., notes, ref., r‚s. [R‚sum‚ extrait de la revue] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Gc;E3 M3 - 391741632 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 907 T1 - Factors explaining child survival in Ethiopia: application of two-stage probit model A1 - Oyekale,Abayomi Samuel Y1 - 2014/// KW - child mortality KW - Ethiopia KW - statistics RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 237 EP - 249 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.237-249 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - Policymakers in many developing countries had been mandated to pursue the goal of reducing child mortality as one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This paper analyses the factors influencing child survival in Ethiopia using a 2011 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) dataset. Descriptive statistics and two-stage least square probit regression were employed for data analyses. Results showed that the majority of the children (82.19 per cent) were born to households in rural areas, while average household heads' age was 42.78 years. High maternal fertility, increased age of household heads, residence in urban areas, and drinking of alcohol and smoking significantly reduced probability of child survival, while altitude of residence, education, male household headship, increased age of the mother at first birth, and rendering of assistance on domestic chores by the husband increased it (p < 0.05). It was concluded that efforts at reducing maternal fertility by promoting education of female children will go a long way in reducing child mortality in Ethiopia. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Dd;C1 M3 - 391727265 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 898 T1 - Impact of real exchange rate on trade balance in Nigeria A1 - Igue,Nkenchor Neville A1 - Ogunleye,Toyin Segun Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic models KW - exchange rates KW - Nigeria KW - trade RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 347 EP - 358 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.347-358 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The study investigated whether the depreciation of exchange rate has a favourable impact on trade balance in Nigeria, based on the MarshallLerner (ML) condition. The Johansen method of cointegration and vector error correction methodology (VECM) was employed to investigate the existence of a long-run relationship between trade balance and the specified set of independent variables. The results confirm the satisfaction of the MarshallLerner condition in Nigeria, implying that depreciation of the exchange rate has a positive effect on trade balance in the long run. The study also established that a one per cent depreciation in the exchange rate would improve trade balance by 1.16 per cent. In the light of these findings, the study recommends a gradual depreciation of the exchange rate, which should be accompanied with export policy that encourages domestic production of non-oil products for exports. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fn;E3 M3 - 391740849 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 899 T1 - Knowledge economy and financial sector competition in African countries A1 - Asongu,Simplice A. Y1 - 2014/// KW - Africa KW - economic models KW - education KW - finance KW - informal sector KW - information technology KW - innovations RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 333 EP - 346 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.333-346 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The goal of this paper is to assess how knowledge economy (KE) plays out in financial sector competition. It suggests a practicable way to disentangle the effects of different components of KE on various financial sectors. The variables identified under the World Bank's knowledge economy index (KEI) are employed: economic incentives and institutional regime, innovation, education, and information structure. An endogeneity robust panel instrumental variable fixed-effects estimation strategy is employed on data from 53 African countries for the period 19962010. The following findings are established. First, education and innovation in terms of scientific and technical publications broadly bear an inverse nexus with financial development. Second, the incidence of information and communication technologies is positive on all financial sectors but increases the non-formal sectors to the detriment of the formal sector. Third, economic incentives have positive implications for all sectors though the formal financial sector benefits most. Fourth, institutional regime is positive (negative) for the semi-formal (informal) financial sector. The findings contribute at the same time to the macroeconomic literature on measuring financial development and respond to the growing fields of informal sector importance, microfinance and mobile banking by means of KE promotion. Policy implications and future research directions are discussed. App., bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ba;E3 M3 - 391740326 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 895 T1 - La pauvret‚ mon‚taire au S‚n‚gal entre 20022006: disparit‚s r‚gionales et effets de d‚composition de la pauvret‚ A1 - Ibrahima,S.Y. Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic models KW - poverty KW - Senegal RP - NOT IN FILE JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.384-396 : graf., krt., tab. VL - 26 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - Cet article propose une analyse de la pauvret‚ mon‚taire au S‚n‚gal. La pauvret‚ est estim‚e non pas … travers un seuil de pauvret‚ national mais des seuils de pauvret‚ r‚gionaux. L'auteur pr‚sente les outils m‚thodologiques n‚cessaires … l'appr‚hension de la dynamique de pauvret‚ mon‚taire avec la formule g‚n‚rique des indices propos‚e par Foster, Greer et Thorbecke (FGT, 1984) afin d'estimer et analyser la pauvret‚ mon‚taire au S‚n‚gal sur la p‚riode 20022006. Partant del…, et supposant l'existence notoire de disparit‚s de la variation de pauvret‚, il explore la d‚composition sectorielle des changements de la pauvret‚ en fonction de la localisation g‚ographique en utilisant la m‚thode de d‚composition propos‚e par Ravallion et Huppi (1991), en vue d'‚valuer la contribution des facteurs explicatifs potentiels des disparit‚s de pauvret‚. Les r‚sultats obtenus d‚voilent d'abord que les disparit‚s en termes de seuil de pauvret‚ montrent la non pertinence de l'utilisation d'un seuil unique de pauvret‚ au S‚n‚gal. Ensuite, ils suggŠrent une baisse de la pauvre mon‚taire au plan national, mais avec de fortes disparit‚s entre les r‚gions et une stabilisation des in‚galit‚s de pauvret‚ au cours de la p‚riode ‚tudi‚e. En enfin, l'effet des changements de la localisation de la population contribue … augmenter la pauvret‚ dans certaines r‚gions et dans la pauvret‚ globale. Bibliogr., notes, ref., r‚s. [R‚sum‚ extrait de la revue] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fo;E1 M3 - 391742361 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 904 T1 - Market integration and spatial price transmission in Niger grain markets A1 - Zakari,Seydou A1 - Ying,Liu A1 - Song,Baohui Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic models KW - grain market KW - grain prices KW - Niger RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 264 EP - 273 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.264-273 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This paper investigates price transmission from international and regional markets to Niger domestic grain markets using monthly wholesale prices. Cointegration and error correction models were employed to analyse the degree of price transmission. Tests of causality were also performed. In general, the results showed that grain markets in Niger respond to negative and positive shocks in regional and international markets differently. Maize and rice markets have high speed of adjustments to world prices compared to millet and sorghum markets. The speed of adjustment of prices to the long-run equilibrium varies between 30 percent, 35 percent, 48 percent and 40 percent respectively for millet, sorghum, maize and rice prices. Nigeria, Burkina-Faso, Mali, Togo and Vietnam markets have shown significant transmission in Niger markets. Supply and demand shocks in these markets will definitely affect Niger food prices. Based on this analysis, the authors suggest that Niger should develop a proper trade policy with its neighboring countries to facilitate regional market integration. This will enable Niger to import cereals from regional surplus-producing areas to supply its food shock regions to reduce the negative impacts of price shocks on households. For rice, Niger should encourage local production to limit high dependence on international markets. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fm;E7 M3 - 391739018 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 908 T1 - Oil wealth, ethno-religious-linguistic fractionalization and civil wars in Africa: cross-country evidence A1 - Anyanwu,John C. Y1 - 2014/// KW - Africa KW - civil wars KW - ethnicity KW - languages KW - petroleum KW - religion RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 209 EP - 236 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.209-236 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The author examines the effect of oil wealth and ethno-religious-linguistic fractionalization on civil war prevalence in Africa, by using three different estimation strategies and alternative measures of societal diversity. He shows that oil wealth and the three distributional measures of ethnic fractionalization, religious fractionalization and linguistic fractionalization are significant correlates of civil war in Africa. These effects persist as an alternative measure of the prevalence of civil war is used. Thus, while oil wealthy, ethnically and linguistically fractionalized countries are more likely to experience civil violence, religiously fractionalized ones are less likely to experience significant civil violence. Countries with a large population, rough (mountainous) terrain and which are "coup-prone" are at greater risk for civil war than those that are more democratic with high per capita income and economic growth. App., bibliogr., note, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ba;D2 M3 - 391727222 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 905 T1 - Politique d'augmentation des taxes sur les cigarettes au Cameroun: comment r‚aliser … la fois les objectifs de sant‚ publique et de recettes fiscales A1 - Nketcha Nana,P.V. Y1 - 2014/// KW - Cameroon KW - taxation KW - tobacco RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 250 EP - 263 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.250-263 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - L'augmentation des taxes sur les produits du tabac est largement promue comme politique efficace pour enrayer le tabagisme. Toutefois, les craintes que cette politique pourrait faire baisser les recettes fiscales contribuent … ralentir sa mise en uvre dans la plupart des pays en d‚veloppement. Cet article examine le problŠme dans le cas du Cameroun, notamment en essayant de d‚terminer le niveau optimal des taxes sur les cigarettes. · l'aide des donn‚es d'enquˆte auprŠs des fumeurs, nous estimons l'‚lasticit‚-prix de la consommation des cigarettes, et nous simulons les effets que des hausses hypoth‚tiques des taxes frappant les cigarettes pourraient avoir sur la consommation et les recettes fiscales. Les r‚sultats permettent de souligner comment les pouvoirs publics pourraient, … travers une hausse substantielle des taxes sur les cigarettes, r‚aliser … la fois des objectifs de sant‚ publique et de recettes fiscales. App., bibliogr., notes, r‚f., r‚s. en fran‡ais et en anglais. [R‚sum‚ extrait de la revue] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Gc;E3 M3 - 391738828 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 901 T1 - Revisiting the financegrowth nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa: results from error correction-based panel cointegration tests A1 - Walle,Yabibal M. Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic development KW - economic models KW - finance KW - Subsaharan Africa RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 310 EP - 321 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.310-321 : tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This paper re-examines the long-run finance-growth nexus in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from 17 countries over the period 19752005. The author applies error correction-based panel cointegration tests that take into account cross-sectional dependence among countries. The results unlike a previous study using the same data indicate the existence of a long-run relationship between financial and economic development in SSA countries. Moreover, they clearly show that the long-run causality runs from financial to economic development, although a muted support for the reverse causal impact is observed when financial development is measured by the percentage of liquid liabilities in GDP. The estimated long-run parameters measuring the financegrowth link are positive and statistically significant. Therefore, the results strongly support policies aimed at developing the financial sector in SSA in order to promote long-run economic development. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Ea;E1;E3 M3 - 391739697 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 903 T1 - Trade, remittances and economic growth in Nigeria: any causal relationship? A1 - Adesoji Olubiyi,Ebenezer Y1 - 2014/// KW - economic development KW - exports KW - Nigeria KW - remittances RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 274 EP - 285 JA - African Development Review: (2014), vol.26, no.2, p.274-285 : graf., tab. VL - 26 IS - 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This study examined the causal relationships among GDP, export, imports and remittances. The study, among others, investigated the validity of export-led and remittances-led growth hypotheses. Specifically, the study investigated the causal relationship between remittances and GDP, remittances and export and remittances and imports. Employing a VECM Granger Causality for data spanning between 1980 and 2012, imports and remittances significantly Granger-caused GDP in the short run. Also, there were reverse causalities running from GDP to export and imports. This implies that export-led growth hypothesis holds in Nigeria. Furthermore, there was a unidirectional causation running from remittances to GDP, implying that remittances matter for economic growth. But since the effect was more from the demand side, it could lead to inflationary pressure. The policy recommendation is that the authorities should intensify efforts on the export base of the economy. The monetary authorities should implement necessary policy to cool the pressure arising from conspicuous spending of remittances. Bibliogr., note, sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/20/ M1 - Fn;E1;E7 M3 - 391739166 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 916 T1 - Archipels cr‚oles de l'oc‚an Indien : dynamique de la rencontre interculturelle et de la cr‚olisation A1 - Callandre-Barat,Florence Y1 - 2013/// N1 - Bibliogr., notes, r‚f. KW - Creole languages KW - culture contact KW - identity KW - Indian Ocean islands KW - linguistics KW - Madagascar KW - Mauritius KW - R‚union KW - Seychelles RP - NOT IN FILE PB - Publications INALCO U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - tudes oc‚an Indien, ISSN 0246-0092 ; no. 49/50 N2 - La probl‚matique qui unit l'ensemble des contributions … ce num‚ro s'inscrit sur les rapports interculturels li‚e … l'histoire commune des archipels cr‚oles de l'oc‚an Indien, leur fonds culturel commun et leur parent‚ commun, notamment en matiŠre de langue, d'identit‚ et de g‚opolitique. Contributions: Mascareignes et Seychelles, archipels cr‚oles de l'oc‚an Indien (Wilfrid Bertile); Approche (historico)linguistique des cr‚oles des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Robert Chaudenson); Les aventures de Petit Jean: les aspects bantou et malgache (Paul Ottino); Une expression cr‚ole au carrefour du fran‡ais et du malgache. BrŠve note exploratoire socio-linguistique (Claude Allibert); Identit‚ culturelle et mutation … travers la chanson contemporaine en langue cr‚ole … l'Œle Maurice (Bruno Cunniah); Un nouvel espace g‚opolitique se dessine: l'Indianoc‚anie (Paul Hoarau); Traces de l'engagisme de 1933 … La R‚union et … Rodrigues (Christian Barat et Florence Callandre-Barat); Sanson koman memwar istorik: en komanter lo parol sanson Patrick Victor (Penda Choppy); La Route de l'esclavage et de l'engag‚ dans les ×les et pays bordier de l'oc‚an Indien occidental: une th‚rapeutique de la m‚moire pour servir une identit‚ cr‚ole indoc‚anique (Sudel Fuma); Les manifestations constitutionnelles de l'identit‚. Les choix et dilemmes de La R‚union (Laurent Sermet); Les engag‚s des 'koylou' de La R‚union (Florence Callandre-Barat); Parent‚ culturelle et tradipratiques … l'Œle Maurice (Maya De Salle-Essoo); Rodrigues, de l'administration par l'Isle de France … l'autonomie dans la R‚publique de Maurice (Christian Barat); The Chagos, a short history and its legal identity (Julien Durup); Migrants, diasporiques et conflits interculturels dans les litt‚ratures mauricienne et r‚unionnaise (Carpanin Marimoutou); Repr‚sentations culturelles en mouvement au travers de l'art culinaire des chefs cuisiniers … la R‚union (L‚a Szkaradek). [R‚sum‚ ASC Leiden] SN - 978-2-85831-161-3 AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - La;K1;L1 M3 - 391540971 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 923 T1 - Growing communities: integrating the social and economic benefits of urban agriculture in Cape Town A1 - Battersby,Jane A1 - Marshak,Maya Y1 - 2013/// KW - 2010 KW - development projects KW - South Africa KW - urban agriculture RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 447 EP - 461 JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.447-461 : foto's. VL - 24 IS - 4 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - McClintock's extension of the Marxist concept of metabolic rift is used to investigate the perceived benefits of urban agriculture (UA) in projects in Seawinds and Vrygrond in Cape Town, South Africa. In this approach, alienation due to the metabolic rift has three dimensions: ecological, social, and individual. In the global north, UA and community gardens are framed as ways to foster community development and community capital. In the global south, UA is generally perceived as a means to ensure food security and address urban poverty. In both Vrygrond and Seawinds the NGO 'Soil for Life' had provided 10-week training workshops for creating organic vegetable gardens. The key individual benefits identified by participants were to do with mental and physical well-being through activity, spiritual engagement and a sense of pride and status through growing a successful garden. The case demonstrates that successful UA cannot be viewed as a response to one challenge in isolation. For a project to be sustainable, it needs to meet the social and economic needs of the participants. McClintock's concept can help to frame UA's multi-functionality and to develop better policy and programmes. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kf;E5 M3 - 391357107 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 921 T1 - Informal sector business tourism in the global south: evidence from Maseru, Lesotho A1 - Rogerson,Christian M. A1 - Letsie,Tokelo Y1 - 2013/// KW - hotel and catering industry KW - informal sector KW - Lesotho KW - poverty reduction KW - small enterprises KW - tourism RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.485-502 : krt., fig., foto, tab. VL - 24 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This article addresses informal sector domestic tourism and is anchored upon the typology of tourism by Gladstone (2005) in which distinctions are drawn between international and domestic tourism and formal and informal sector tourism. The specific focus is informal sector business tourism. The study reports findings from 52 interviews conducted with informal business tourists and accommodation providers in Maseru, Lesotho's capital city. It is revealed that the nature of low-income informal sector business tourism in the global South is radically different from that of conventional business tourism in terms of its organisation, characteristics of business tourists, and impacts. The group of informal business tourists of Maseru are essentially small entrepreneurs who focus on opportunities for making a livelihood and as a result do not participate in leisure activities whilst in the city. Arguably, informal sector business tourism is inherently pro-poor in terms of both the entrepreneurs themselves and their local impacts through spending on food and accommodation. The authors suggest that governments in the global South need to broaden their horizons from high end tourism and should consider strategies and interventions for appropriately managed forms of tourism that meet the requirements of domestic tourists. Bibliogr., note, sum. [Journal abstract, edited] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kd;E7 M3 - 391525107 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 918 T1 - Perceptions and acceptability of multihabitation as an urban low income housing strategy in Greater Accra Metropolitan Area, Ghana A1 - Appeaning Addo,Irene Y1 - 2013/// KW - Ghana KW - housing policy KW - rental housing KW - urban housing RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.543-571 : foto's, krt., tab. VL - 24 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - A study was conducted among households in five low income communities in Greater Accra Metropolitan Area to examine the perceptions and acceptability of multihabitation in 21st-century, urban, low-income housing provision in Ghana. It emerged that there were challenges associated with multihabitation living arrangements. Almost all the bathrooms and toilets were shared in multihabited dwellings, while electricity was shared in some houses. These shared facilities were the main causes of conflicts. Public health has also been raised as a concern. Overcrowding, too, lowered households' satisfaction. People preferred to stay in multihabited dwellings as long as the sharing of facilities was addressed and some form of privacy was achieved. There were also social and financial capital advantages as well as psychosocial benefits such as security and stability as a result of the close relationships under multihabitation. The author suggests that governments should adopt multihabitation in urban low income housing provision in the 21st century, be it with some design modifications. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Ff;C6 M3 - 391528246 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 920 T1 - The impact of mine downscaling on the Free State Goldfields A1 - Marais,Lochner Y1 - 2013/// KW - economic recession KW - gold mining KW - social conditions KW - South Africa KW - unemployment RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 503 EP - 521 JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.503-521 : graf., tab. VL - 24 IS - 4 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This paper examines the consequences of mine downscaling in the Free State Goldfields (FSG), one of the areas in South Africa that are most affected by it. Existing literature points at seven main consequences of mine closure or downscaling: 1. upheaval, instability, and conflict in mining settlements; 2. lay-off of particular worker groups, depending on their age, skill and education; 3. disappearance of previously subsidized basic services; 4. environmental problems; 5. loss of infrastructure; 6. decline in community self-help; and 7. withdrawal of capital by mining companies. Many of the experiences in the FSG mirror the international experience. In the early 1980s, the FSG accounted for 21% of the Free World's total gold production. The subsequent decline was caused by low gold prices, higher wages, shorter working hours, the role of international capital, and advances in technology. Poverty rates in the province increased from 39.4% to 51.7%. Local attempts to address mine downscaling have failed, because the magnitude was simply too vast. The author argues in favour of local partnerships between mining companies and local governments in addition to a national strategy for badly hit areas such as the FSG. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kf;E6 M3 - 391525794 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 917 T1 - The limits of urban heritage tourism in South Africa: the case of Constitution Hill, Johannesburg A1 - Van der Merwe,Clinton David Y1 - 2013/// KW - cultural heritage KW - monuments KW - South Africa KW - tourism KW - urban areas RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.573-588 : foto, graf., krt., tab. VL - 24 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The strategic policy and interest in heritage tourism for the South African tourism economy is analysed, using the case of Constitution Hill in Johannesburg. A former Boer fort and British prison, it has held famous prisoners such as Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Ghandi. It has been the seat of the Constitutional Court of South Africa since 2004. A major role in the regeneration of the precinct was played by the Johannesburg Development Agency (JDA). It is argued that this iconic heritage attraction is seemingly failing to attract many local visitors or tourists despite its important national heritage status. Using structured interviews with stakeholders and questionnaires with visitors and local residents, the research critically explores their understanding of heritage tourism as well as their perceptions of its influence on the physical landscape as a driver for local development. The author recommends revisiting the planning and developments of the site in order to address visitor concerns over safety, vandalism, the alienation of local residents, weak management and lack of cooperation of all stakeholders in Constitution Hill. Bibliogr., notes, sum. [Journal abstract, edited] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kf;E7 M3 - 39152934X ER - TY - JOUR ID - 922 T1 - The political life of rising acid mine water A1 - Bremner,Lindsay Y1 - 2013/// KW - legislation KW - mining KW - political sociology KW - South Africa KW - wastes KW - water pollution RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.463-483 : krt., foto. VL - 24 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The article chronicles the complex geological, chemical, historical, economic, environmental and socio-political causes and effects of acid mine water overflowing from abandoned gold mines near Johannesburg, South Africa. The author explores the use of legislation and cartography to keep the belowground world of labour, minerals, rocks and science apart from the aboveground world of capital, commerce, culture and politics. By decanting across the surface of the earth, into the air, and into the metabolisms of plants, animals and humans, acid mine water transformed geology into a political matter of concern. As a result, it became impossible to act as if what had formerly been two distinct realms do not belong to the same sphere. It demonstrates that a common world does exist, that combinations between many systems are thinkable and that a topography that does not presuppose a position of mastery is possible. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kf;J2 M3 - 391421603 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 919 T1 - The role of local economic development agencies in the South African local economic development landscape A1 - Lawrence,Faith Y1 - 2013/// KW - decentralization KW - economic development KW - local government KW - South Africa RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Urban Forum: (2013), vol.24, no.4, p.523-541 : krt. VL - 24 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The establishment, current state, and challenges of local economic development agencies (LEDAs) in South Africa are analysed. LEDAs have become established elements of the local economic development (LED) landscape in South Africa, but their performance has been uneven. In the final analysis, LEDAs have not yet emerged as fully embedded implementation instruments in the system of local governance. The author argues that the LEDA model potentially has a pivotal role to play in managing, directing and coordinating economic development activities in certain local spaces. The success of LEDAs depends by and large on factors such as local economic potential, capacity and resource challenges, political and economic leadership, and the institutional readiness of both the agency and parent municipality to manage local development outcomes. The most successful example of a LEDA in South Africa is that of Aspire, the Amathole District Municipality's Economic Development Agency in the Eastern Cape. The Aspire model exhibits a strong people-development approach, identifying catalytic projects that are matched with social entrepreneurs who combine forces with local stakeholders to unlock local potential. Bibliogr., ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - Kf;E1 M3 - 391527428 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 934 T1 - Agricultural transformation and population nexus: some theoretical and empirical lessons for sub-Saharan Africa A1 - Elliott,P. A1 - Kabote,Samwel J. Y1 - 2012/// KW - agricultural development KW - agricultural policy KW - agricultural productivity KW - agricultural technology KW - population growth KW - Subsaharan Africa KW - Tanzania RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 111 EP - 130 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.111-130 : graf., tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This article reviews both Malthusian and anti-Malthusian schools of thought with regard to agricultural transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. It discusses empirical evidence emanating from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in general and Tanzania in particular in relation to agricultural productivity, population growth, rural-urban migration and environmental degradation. Compared to other regions in the world, agricultural performance in SSA has for many decades been deteriorating and needs to be transformed. Anti-Malthusianists (Ester Boserup, Julian Simon) maintain that population growth increases demand for food, which encourages the adoption of new technologies and innovations to boost productivity. Importing Asian experiences of the Green Revolution per se would not transform agriculture in SSA. What is required is a combination of Asian Green Revolution technologies and experiences suitable for SSA and new ideas to enable and improve the African Green Revolution. The authors emphasize that the context of SSA is different from that in Asia. Moreover, a lot of variations exist within and between countries in terms of policy, structural and institutional arrangements deemed fundamental for enhancing agricultural transformation. Thus, comprehensive research needs to be conducted to investigate appropriate agricultural technologies suitable for SSA, both between and within countries. Bibliogr., ref., notes, sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;Ea;He;E5 M3 - 391325957 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 933 T1 - Assessment of tourism associated activities for rural livelihood transformation A1 - Mkinga,Nolasco I. Y1 - 2012/// KW - livelihoods KW - national parks and reserves KW - Subsaharan Africa KW - Tanzania KW - tourism KW - villages RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 131 EP - 146 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.131-146 : tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This article discusses the importance of tourism-associated livelihood activities of communities living adjacent to national parks in general and Saadani National Park (SNP), Tanzania, in particular. Studies from Botswana and South Africa show that poor people earn income from direct participation in tourism as hotel workers, guides, craft sellers, or transport operators. They also earn indirectly through the supply chain by selling the goods and services that the tourism sector needs. In SNP, activities associated with tourism include fishing, trading, tour guiding, tourism enterprises, art and craft, and direct employment. Constraints hindering communities from benefiting from tourism are: 1. the ineffectiveness of tourism policies implementation; 2. lack of support for involving women; 3. low numbers of tourists visiting SNP; 4. low levels of capacity development, especially of language, marketing and entrepreneurial skills; 5. inadequacy of financial capital; 6. inadequate education and training; 7. poor infrastructure; and 8. land conflicts. The author makes recommendations to address these issues, including better co-ordination of the Ministry of Tourism with other ministries and with NGOs or voluntary organizations. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;Ea;He;E7 M3 - 391337769 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 940 T1 - Challenges and coping strategies of orphaned children in Tanzania A1 - Mathias,Angela A1 - Daniel,Marguerite Y1 - 2012/// KW - child labour KW - children KW - livelihoods KW - orphans KW - social networks KW - Tanzania RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 1 EP - 12 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.1-12 : fig., tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The salutogenic model (SM) was used to examine the coping strategies of orphaned children in Tanzania who fall outside the 'ideal' support network of the family and community, but instead: 1. remain in the rural area in child-headed households; or 2. are trafficked to urban areas to serve adults. The SM is based on the key concepts of generalized resistance resources (GRRs) and sense of coherence (SOC). GRRs help people to cope with chronic or acute stressors. GRRs include money, self-esteem, social relations or beliefs. SOC enables a perception of the world as comprehensible, manageable and meaningful, e.g. as a result of optimism, hardiness, control and coping. Looking at the GRRs, it may seem that the rural children were better off than the trafficked children. All three rural children had GRRs such as land for food production or skills for charcoal making to earn some cash. The trafficked girls had very limited GRRs while living in an exploitative situation, while chronic stressors included exploitation and trafficking, long working hours with little or no pay, isolation, sexual harassment and rape. However, their desire for education and a better life was a strong enough motivating factor to escape, frequently with help from external resources, including faith-based networks and neighbours. All the children demonstrated at least one SOC dimension, namely meaningfulness. The SOC dimensions of comprehensibility and manageability were lacking in all the children who migrated. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;C1 M3 - 391255231 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 937 T1 - Climate change impact and adaptive strategies in the Rufiji Delta, Tanzania A1 - Ndesanjo,R. A1 - Ngana,J.O. A1 - Yanda,P.Z. Y1 - 2012/// KW - agricultural productivity KW - climate change KW - deltas KW - fisheries KW - groundwater KW - livelihoods KW - Tanzania RP - NOT IN FILE JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.59-73 : graf., krt., tab. VL - 9 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This article investigates the evidence of climate change and adaptive strategies in the Rufiji Delta in Tanzania. It describes local perceptions of climate and its associated changes, examines indicators of climate change, explores the effects of climate change on livelihood activities, and identifies the coping and adaptation strategies by local communities and other parties. The study finds that livelihood activities in the area, especially farming and fishing are already affected by climate change exhibited by, among other things, dwindling crop productivity and declining fish catch, accompanied by the disappearance of certain fish species. Subsequently, the study notes increasing scarcity of basic household necessities, especially food and water, associated with the observed frequent dry spells and altered rainfall patterns. Moreover, the impact of sea water rise on settlements, underground aquifers and soils is noted. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;J2 M3 - 391267809 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 938 T1 - Contribution of migrants from agriculture based areas to rental housing production in Dar es Salaam A1 - Kiduanga,Juma R. Y1 - 2012/// KW - dwellings KW - income KW - migrants KW - rental housing KW - rural-urban migration KW - Tanzania RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 49 EP - 58 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.49-58 : tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - The relationship between rural-urban migration and rental housing production in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, is discussed. The population of Dar es Salaam has increased from 129,000 in 1957 to 4,000,000 people in 2009. Most of the growth was due to rural-urban migration. Land and finance are key factors in the decision-making of migrating individuals and households. Most in-migrants rely on the purchase of land in informal settlements. Money is mainly raised through wages in the formal sector, but many migrants also maintain a link with rural areas where they practise small trade, sell agricultural products, or are directly engaged in farm activities for raising housing finance. Housing available in Dar es Salaam is of three types: traditional, semi-modern, and modern housing. The choice of a rental accommodation depends on the location, the envisaged period of urban residence, the cost of renting relative to ownership, and the preference to invest in other sectors than owner-construction. The generation of income is an important function of housing. Rental incomes depend on the location and quality of the house. The income is used to maintain living standards and ties with relatives in the agricultural areas. It also helps retired, elderly owners. Demand for rented housing is high. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;C6 M3 - 391260081 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 936 T1 - Critical issues in female performance at the University of Dar es Salaam 2004-2010: role models and lessons for the future A1 - Ngaiza,Magdalena K. Y1 - 2012/// KW - gender discrimination KW - sexual offences KW - Tanzania KW - universities KW - women students RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 74 EP - 98 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.74-98 : graf., tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - An overview of the feminist and gender history of the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM) is provided and the academic achievements of female students is analysed, using faculty statistics for the period 2006-2010. Records show that 10.1% of female students were high achievers. Performance data for other students indicate that the distribution of various performance levels is normal. More than half of all female students are enrolled in the College of Arts and Social Sciences (CASS), but significant numbers can now be found in all other colleges, including those of engineering and science. Since the establishment of UDSM in 1961 there have been a number of sexual offence cases, some of which handled in favour of men. Recently, UDSM has adopted a Gender Policy and an Anti-Sexual Harassment Policy. Critical factors in the academic life of female students include role models and aptitude, gender stereotypes, female-male student relations, marriage responsibilities, and poverty. To improve female student performance the author recommends: 1. female mentoring facilities; 2. courses taught by two professors; 3. policies for gender-neutral thesis and dissertation supervision; and 4. sensitizing female students to work for higher grades to improve their employment prospects. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;G1 M3 - 391275097 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 945 T1 - Cultural tourism and identity : rethinking indigeneity Cultural tourism and identity : rethinking indigeneity A1 - Tomaselli,Keyan G. Y1 - 2012/// N1 - Met bibliogr., index KW - Botswana KW - community development KW - indigenous peoples KW - Namibia KW - research methods KW - San KW - South Africa KW - tourism RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden [etc.] PB - Brill U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - Afrika-Studiecentrum series, ISSN 1570-9310 ; 24 N2 - Studies of cultural tourism and indigenous identity are fraught with questions concerning exploitation, entitlement, ownership and authenticity. Unease with the idea of leveraging a group identity for commercial gain is ever-present. This anthology articulates some of these debates from a multitude of standpoints. It assimilates the perspectives of members of indigenous communities, non-governmental organizations, tourism practitioners and academic researchers who participated in an action research project that aims to link research to development outcomes Studies of cultural tourism and indigenous identity are fraught with questions concerning exploitation, entitlement, ownership and authenticity. Unease with the idea of leveraging a group identity for commercial gain is ever-present. This anthology articulates some of these debates from a multitude of standpoints drawing on research in South Africa (Northern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal), Namibia and Botswana. It assimilates the perspectives of members of indigenous communities, non-governmental organizations, tourism practitioners and academic researchers who participated in an action research project that aims to link research to development outcomes. The book's authors weave together discordant voices to create a dialogue of sorts, an endeavour to reconcile the divergent needs of the stakeholders in a way that is mutually beneficial. The book addresses three interrelated themes: researching the ?Khomani Bushmen (San) in the context of cultural tourism; reflections on cultural tourism involving Bushman and Zulu peoples (including development perspectives); and practical thoughts and methodologies for cultural tourism ventures, especially lodge-community partnerships, learned especially from research in the Kalahari. Authors: Shanade Barnabas, Lauren Dyll-Myklebust, Kate Finlay, Nyasha Mboti, Vanessa McLennan-Dodd, Brilliant Mhlanga, Jeffrey Sehume, Alexandra von Stauss, Keyan G. Tomaselli. [Book abstract, ed SN - 90-04-23458-6 ebook AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M3 - 351926720 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/31866 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 935 T1 - Effects of water scarcity on women in pastoral areas: a case study of Melela Ward in Mvomero District - Morogoro, Tanzania A1 - Ngomuo,A. A1 - Msoka,A. Y1 - 2012/// KW - drinking water KW - gender roles KW - pastoralists KW - pollution KW - Tanzania KW - water supply RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 99 EP - 110 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.99-110 : fig., foto. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - A study was conducted in Melela village of Mvomero District, Tanzania, to gather information on water scarcity and its effects on women's lives. Melela Ward is a pastoral area, with an estimated population of 292,505 people. It has only one water source serving the whole population. The water source is contaminated by human beings, animals and chemical pollutants from gold mines around the area. The authors recommend that: 1. the community should be mobilized to create awareness of the health hazards and to look for alternative means to get safe, sufficient and sustainable water, within community reach, e.g. by water harvesting; 2. a village water committee that involves both men and women should be established; 3. the community should collect money for constructing a well in the primary school; 4. a furrow should be constructed from the water source to a place where animals can drink without causing contamination; 5. trees should be planted to improve the water cycle; and 6. government and development agencies should help the community to access safe water closer to home. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;C1 M3 - 391316338 ER - TY - JOUR ID - 939 T1 - Neo-liberalism, agricultural transformation and the welfare of the elderly in Tanzania: the case study of Bukoba District A1 - Kashaga,Frateline Y1 - 2012/// KW - economic policy KW - elderly KW - Haya KW - poverty KW - rural society KW - social security KW - Tanzania RP - NOT IN FILE SP - 31 EP - 48 JA - Utafiti: (2012), vol.9, no.1 & 2, p.31-48 : tab. VL - 9 IS - 1 & 2 U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available N2 - This study applies the theoretical framework of African Moral Economy to the Haya people in Bukoba District, Tanzania, to investigate how Tanzania's economic policies have adversely affected the social protection for the elderly in rural areas. The author shows how commoditization and individualization as a result of neoliberal policies had a negative impact on the livelihoods of African smallholders. This has affected Haya communal life, which used to be based on kinships and clanships that formed the bedrock of traditional social security. This, in turn, has caused an unprecedented decline of the material conditions of the elderly, who are increasingly subjected to destitution, death by preventable diseases, and work into old age. Bibliogr., notes, sum. [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - AFRIKA article Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M1 - (624);321.7;323.38;330.101.1;He;C1 M3 - 391258176 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 944 T1 - Transforming innovations in Africa : explorative studies on appropriation in African societies Transforming innovations in Africa : explorative studies on appropriation in African societies A1 - Gewald,Jan Bart A1 - Leliveld,Andre A1 - Pea,Iva Y1 - 2012/// N1 - Bibliogr KW - 2011 KW - Africa KW - conference papers (form) KW - innovations KW - social change RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden [etc.] PB - Brill U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - African dynamics, ISSN 1568-1777 ; v. II N2 - In Transforming Innovations in Africa the authors explore how external innovations (products, technologies, services, institutions and processes) that were envisaged, developed and designed elsewhere, came to be innovatively and sometimes unexpectedly appropriated and transformed within Africa The chapters in this book are based on papers presented at a workshop held in Leiden on 26-28 October 2011. The papers explore how external innovations (products, technologies, services, institutions and processes) have been appropriated in African societies. Contents: Introduction by Jan-Bart Gewald, Andr‚ Leliveld & Iva Pea); Who killed innovation in the Cape wine industry? The story of a stuck fermentation c. 1930-1986 (Paul Nugent); Entrepreneurship, colonial monetary economy and the limits of creativity: appropriating trading stores in northern Namibia, 1925-1980 (Gregor Dobler); Frugal innovation in Africa: tracking Unilever's washing-powder sachets (Cees van Beers, Peter Knorringa & Andr‚ Leliveld); Mobile cash for nomadic livestock keepers: the impact of the mobile phone money innovation (M-Pesa) on Maasai pastoralists in Kenya (Marcel Rutten & Moses Mwangi); From Gao: Sawaba and the politics of decolonization and insurreciton in the Songhay zone of Mali and Niger (1957-1964) (Klaas van Walraven); From self-help group to water company: the Wandiege Community Water Supply Project (Kisumu, Kenya) (Samuel O. Owuor & Dick Foeken); 'It is time to start my own farm': the unforeseen effects of two waves of resettlement on household formation in Zimbabwe (Marleen Dekker & Bill Kinsey); 'Cassava is our chief': negotiating identity, markets and the State through cassava in Mwinilunga, Zambia (Iva Pea); The social cocktail: weddings and the innovative mixing of competences in Botswana (Rijk van Dijk); Of labradors and libraries: the transformation of innovation on a farm in Kibale, western Uganda (Jan-Bart Gewald); Engine of change: a social history of the car-mechanics sector in the Horn of Africa (Stefano Bellucci & Massimo Zaccaria); Water innovations among the Maasai pastoralists of Kenya: the role of outside interventions in the performance of traditional shallow wells (Moses Mwangi & Marcel Rutten); Stealing from the railways: blacksmiths, colonialism and innovation in Northern Nigeria (Shehu Tijjani Yusuf). [ASC Leiden abstract] SN - 90-04-24544-8 ebook AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M3 - 355451832 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/31975 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 954 T1 - Not just a victim : the child as catalyst and witness of contemporary Africa Not just a victim : the child as catalyst and witness of contemporary Africa A1 - Evers,Sandra A1 - Notermans,Catrien A1 - Ommering,Erik van Y1 - 2011/// N1 - This volume is based on a selection of papers presented at the 2008 conference, "African Children in Focus: A Paradigm Shift in Methodology and Theory?" organized by NVAS (Netherlands African Studies Association) Met bibliogr., index KW - 2008 KW - Africa KW - Cape Verde KW - child development KW - child labour KW - children KW - conference papers (form) KW - Democratic Republic of Congo KW - Ethiopia KW - family KW - Kenya KW - Mauritius KW - Morocco KW - Namibia KW - orphans KW - refugees KW - return migration KW - street children RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden [etc.] PB - Brill U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - Afrika-Studiecentrum series, ISSN 1570-9310 ; v. 20 N2 - The papers in this volume were originally presented at the conference 'African children in focus: a paradigm shift in methodology and theory', organized by the Netherlands African Studies Association in 2008. Contributions: Ethnographies of children in Africa: moving beyond stereotypical representations and paradigms (Sandra J.T.M. Evers, Catrien Notermans & Erik van Ommering); Bending the generational rules: agency of children and young people in 'child-headed' households (Diana van Dijk); Using a 'kids club method' to understand experiences of children orphaned by AIDS in north-central Namibia (Mienke van der Brug); Understanding children's well-being and transitions through the life course: a case from Ethiopia (Yisak Tafere); Kinning in the imagination: perceptions of kinship and family history among Chagossian children in Mauritius (Sandra J.T.M. Evers); From home to the street: children's street-ward migration in Cape Verde (Lorenzo I. Bordonaro); Gendered work and schooling in rural Ethiopia: exploring working children's perspectives (Tatek Abebe); In between the Netherlands and Morocco: 'home' and belonging of Dutch Moroccan return migrants and abandoned children in northeast Morocco (June de Bree, Oka Storms & Edien Bartels); The learning experiences of refugee and asylum-seeker children: a model for meaningful learning (Cilel Smith); Reconceptualising child protection interventions in situations of chronic conflict: North Kivu, DRC (Claudia Seymour); Agency, resilience and the psychosocial well-being of caregiving children: experiences from Western Kenya (Morten Skovdal). [ASC Leiden abstract] SN - 978-90-04-20522-2 AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M3 - 334310520 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/31974 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 946 T1 - Rural resistance in South Africa : the Mpondo revolts after fifty years Rural resistance in South Africa : the Mpondo revolts after fifty years A1 - Kepe,Thembela A1 - Ntsebeza,Lungisile Y1 - 2011/// N1 - Achterkant vermeldt tevens: SAVUSA Met bibliogr., index, noten KW - 1950-1959 KW - anti-apartheid resistance KW - Pondo KW - rebellions KW - South Africa KW - Transkei RP - NOT IN FILE CY - Leiden [etc.] PB - Brill U1 - Free access. U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - Afrika-Studiecentrum series, ISSN 1570-9310 ; 22 N2 - The Mpondo revolts, which began in the 1950s and reached a climax in 1960, rank among the most significant rural resistances in South Africa. Mpondo villagers emphatically rejected the introduction of Bantu Authorities and unpopular rural land use planning that meant loss of land. This volume deals with the significance of the revolts, then and now, particularly relating to land, rural governance, party politics and the agency of the marginalized. The first part outlines the context of the revolts: Resistance in the countryside: the Mpondo revolts contextualized (Lungisile Ntsebeza); Reading and writing the Mpondo revolts (Jimmy Pieterse); Govan Mbeki's 'The peasants' revolt': a critical examination (Allison Drew); The Mpondo revolt through the eyes of Leonard Mdingi and Anderson Ganyile (William Beinart); All quiet on the Western front: Nyandeni acquiescence in the Mpondoland revolt (Fred Hendricks and Jeff Peires). The second part reflects on the influence of the revolts on Mpondo migrant workers in the urban areas: Hoyce Phundulu, the Mpondo revolt, and the rise of the National Union of Mineworkers (T. Dunbar Moodie); The moving black forest of Africa: the Mpondo rebellion, migrancy and black worker consciousness in KwaZulu Natal (Ari Sitas). The final part discusses the wider significance of the revolts: The shock of the new: Ngquza Hill 1960 (Diana Wylie); Tangible and intangible Ngquza: a study of landscape and memory (Liana Mller); A bag of soil, a bullet from up high: some meanings of the Mpondo revolts today (Jonny Steinberg); Discontent and apathy: post-apartheid rural land reform in the context of the Mpondo revolts (Thembela Kepe); 'We don't want your development!': resistance to imposed development in Northeastern Pondoland (Jacques P. de Wet). [ASC Leiden abstract] AV - Elektronisch document Y2 - 2015/03/18/ M3 - 391725289 L3 - http://hdl.handle.net/1887/31865 ER - TY - BOOK ID - 988 T1 - Histoire 1 Y1 - 1980/// N1 - Met bibliogr KW - Algeria KW - Angola KW - archaeological artefacts KW - British KW - colonial conquest KW - fisheries KW - French KW - Ghana KW - ideologies KW - Jews KW - Kasanje polity KW - Sahara KW - South Africa KW - Whites RP - NOT IN FILE EP - 104 CY - Paris PB - Centre de Recherches Africaines, Universit‚ de Paris I U2 - w12 U3 - Abstract available T3 - Cahiers du C.R.A. ; no. 1 N2 - Des travaux de tous genres sont rassembl‚s dans ce premier num‚ro des Cahiers du Centre de Recherches Africaines (C.R.A.) de l'Universit‚ de Paris. Contributions: Les mythes de la race en Afrique du Sud (Y. Person, article reproduit avec l'autorisation de la Revue Recherche P‚dagogie et Culture, no. 39, janvier-f‚vrier 1979, pp. 40-45 et 46); Oscillation climatique et n‚olithisation : la pˆche (Sahara, Valentine Roux); Les juifs du Touat (Alg‚rie, Simone Bakchine Dumont); Le Royaume de Kassanje: la domination coloniale et le commerce anglais: analyse d'une crise (Angola, Colette Pahares); Les rivalit‚s franco-britanniques et la zone froniŠre Haute-Volta-Ghana : 1896-1914 (Emmanuel Bayili). [R‚sum‚ ASC Leiden] AV - AFRIKA A4459.1 Y2 - 2015/03/17/ M3 - 381102378 ER -