Seminar: The Limits of Power: Trade Union Pluralism and Politics in Burkina Faso

Riots in Ouagadougou, 30 October 2014. Photo: Day Donaldson / Flickr (CC BY 4.0)

In October 2014 a massive popular uprising, spearheaded by the country’s trade unions, toppled the regime of Burkina Faso’s president, Blaise Compaoré, after 27 years in office. The unrest that ended Compaoré’s reign bore a striking resemblance to that of almost half a century earlier, in January 1966, when Burkina’s trade union movement led widespread demonstrations that ousted the country’s first president, Maurice Yaméogo. On both occasions, the pluralist trade union movement banded together to demonstrate its collective political strength. Yet, on neither occasion was the trade union movement sufficiently united or powerful to define and implement a new political agenda for the country. Trade union pluralism helps explain why Burkina Faso is one of the few French-speaking African countries where trade unions enjoy autonomy. Pluralism is also a key to understanding both the critical role that trade unions have played throughout the country’s history and the limits of trade union power in shaping the country’s future.